Ground-based navigation aids or satellite generated navigation data displayed in the cockpit deliver vertical and lateral guidance. Furthermore, ATC can also provide the pilot radar vectors to the runway. Epic students learn about and fly all three categories of instrument approaches in a simulator and aircraft.Ī Precision Approach (PA) is an approach in which pilots receive vertical and lateral guidance. Instrument approaches allow an instrument-rated pilot to transition from the flight to the approach in instrument meteorological conditions (IMC) and then to the landing. Above all, pilots must file an IFR flight plan. Also, the aircraft is required have increased equipment requirements and certification. As a result, IFR operations require specific training and certification of the pilot. In other words, pilots operate aircraft by referencing the instruments rather than visual reference. Most importantly, if the weather is less than visual flight rules (VFR) prescribe, pilots must use instrument flight rules (IFR). Of course, these vary between heavy jumbo jets and light aircraft. Aircraft flight manuals recommend correct speeds. The plane then powers ahead followed by another step down. During the landing process, passengers feel the plane reduce altitude, or step down. A general definition for an approach is “the phase of flight when a flight crew begins its descent to land and ends as the aircraft crosses the runway threshold.” Pilots take safety measures during every phase of approach. Student pilots also learn how to read approach charts and plates to receive clearance. Nearly half of all commercial jet accidents occur on final, so this is an important part of flight training. For example, if you’re wondering how many accidents occur during this phase of flight, you may be surprised. Also, keeping a clear head is instrumental to safety. Pilots must be able to operate aircraft with visual reference to the ground and visually avoid obstructions and other aircraft. Student pilots begin with visual approaches by using ground references. There are numerous types of approaches for landings.
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